Effects of Uncertainity on Domestic Private Investments in Kenya
نویسندگان
چکیده
The domestic private investment serves as a prerequisite for the development and modernization of any economy. In Kenya, macroeconomic political uncertainties play significant role in influencing investments. That is informed by fact that these investments allow investors to fund particular ventures, which creates jobs increase government revenues through taxation, hence boosting growth economy improving living standards people. However, are severely affected both with regards how formulates political, economic, regulatory policies affect business climate. Investors risk-averse; they base decisions on prevailing future conditions environment. This study focused analyzing effects uncertainty Kenya’s estimated Autoregressive-Distributed Lag (ARDL) bounds technique captures short long-run dynamics this relationship amongst variables. Time series data from UNCTAD, World Bank, Central Bank Kenya period spanning 1980 year 2019 was used. results suggest real GDP (RGDP) effective exchange rates (REER) have positive effect (PDI). contrast, inflation (INFL), Real interest (RINR), Political (PRI), WUIKEN (economic policy volatility stock markets) negative Based results, most factors affecting were found be gross (RGDP), markets). Effectively, recommends should enact ease doing reduce economic uncertainty, such reduction tax rate, stabilization rate stable environment order investor skepticism also enhance their confidence.
منابع مشابه
the effects of changing roughness on the flow structure in the bends
flow in natural river bends is a complex and turbulent phenomenon which affects the scour and sedimentations and causes an irregular bed topography on the bed. for the reason, the flow hydralics and the parameters which affect the flow to be studied and understand. in this study the effect of bed and wall roughness using the software fluent discussed in a sharp 90-degree flume bend with 40.3cm ...
the effects of error correction methods on pronunciation accuracy
هدف از انجام این تحقیق مشخص کردن موثرترین متد اصلاح خطا بر روی دقت آهنگ و تاکید تلفظ کلمه در زبان انگلیسی بود. این تحقیق با پیاده کردن چهار متد ارائه اصلاح خطا در چهار گروه، سه گروه آزمایشی و یک گروه تحت کنترل، انجام شد که گروه های فوق الذکر شامل دانشجویان سطح بالای متوسط کتاب اول passages بودند. گروه اول شامل 15، دوم 14، سوم 15 و آخرین 16 دانشجو بودند. دوره مربوطه به مدت 10 هفته ادامه یافت و د...
15 صفحه اولcritical period effects in foreign language learning:the influence of maturational state on the acquisition of reading,writing, and grammar in english as a foreign language
since the 1960s the age effects on learning both first and second language have been explored by many linguists and applied linguists (e.g lennerberg, 1967; schachter, 1996; long, 1990) and the existence of critical period for language acquisition was found to be a common ground of all these studies. in spite of some common findings, some issues about the impacts of age on acquiring a second or...
15 صفحه اولon translation of politeness strategies in dialogues involving female characters in translations and retranslations of novels translated before and after the islamic revolution of iran and their effects on the image of women: a polysystem theory approach
abstract reception environment has considerable effects on accepting a translation. as the expectations of a target culture and its values and needs change throughout history, its criteria for accepting a translation or rejecting it will change accordingly (gentzler, 2001). the expectations of iran, as the reception environment in the present study, have changed after the islamic revolution. i...
ذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: European Scientific Journal, ESJ
سال: 2023
ISSN: ['1857-7431', '1857-7881']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.19044/esipreprint.2.2023.p248